Which type of refrigerant is preferred due to its lower environmental impact?

• A. CFCs
• B. HCFCs
• C. HFCs
• D. All of the above

Answer: (C)

The preferred type of refrigerant due to its lower environmental impact is HFCs. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) emerged as substitutes for older refrigerants like CFCs and HCFCs, which significantly contribute to ozone layer depletion and have a high global warming potential. While HFCs are not entirely free of environmental concerns, they do not harm the ozone layer, making them a comparatively better choice in terms of environmental impact.

CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbons) were widely used in the past but were phased out due to their deleterious effects on the ozone layer. HCFCs (Hydrochlorofluorocarbons) were introduced as transitional substances, but they still pose some risks to the ozone layer and also carry a global warming potential. Hence, HFCs, despite having their own environmental challenges, represent a significant improvement in terms of protecting both the ozone layer and reducing greenhouse gas emissions relative to both CFCs and HCFCs. This establishes HFCs as the preferable option among the choices listed.